SYNTHESIS: A solution of 20.5 g N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethylenediamine
and 22.3 g of 3-ethoxyanisole was made in 100 mL hexane under a He
atmosphere with good stirring. There was added 125 mL 1.6 M
butyllithium in hexane, which formed a white granular precipitate.
This was cooled in an ice bath, and there was added 24.4 g of
diethyldisulfide which produced an exothermic reaction and changed the
precipitate to a creamy phase. After being held for a few min at
reflux temperature, the reaction mixture was added to 500 mL dilute
H2SO4 which produced two clear phases. The hexane phase was separated,
and the aqueous phase extracted with 2x75 mL methylcyclopentane. The
organics were combined, and the solvents removed under vacuum. There
was obtained a residue which was distilled under a vacuum. At 0.3
mm/Hg the fraction boiling at 95-105 °C was a yellow liquid weighing
28.5 g which was largely 3-ethoxy-2-(ethylthio)anisole which seemed to
be reasonably pure chromatographically. It was used as such in the
bromination step below.
To a stirred solution of 15.0 g of 3-ethoxy-2-(ethylthio)anisole in
100 mL CH2Cl2 there was added 12 g elemental bromine dissolved in 25
mL CH2Cl2. There was the copious evolution of HBr. After stirring at
ambient temperature for 3 h, the dark solution was added to 300 mL H2O
containing sodium dithionite. Shaking immediately discharged the
residual bromine color, and the organic phase was separated, The
aqueous phase was extracted once with 100 mL CH2Cl2, the pooled
extracts washed with dilute base, and then the solvent was removed
under vacuum to give a light brown oil. This wet product was
distilled at 112-122 °C at 0.3 mm/Hg to yield 4-bromo (and/or
6-bromo)-3-ethoxy-2-(ethylthio)anisole as a light orange oil. This
was used in the following benzyne step without separation into its
components.
To a solution of 36 mL diisopropylamine in 150 mL anhydrous THF under
a He atmosphere, and which had been cooled to -10 °C with an external
ice/MeOH bath, there was added 105 mL of a 1.6 M solution of
butylithium in hexane. There was then added 5.1 mL of dry CH3CN
followed by the dropwise addition of 15.0 g 4-bromo-(and/or
6-bromo)-3-ethoxy-2-(ethylthio)anisole diluted with a little anhydrous
THF. There was an immediate development of a dark red-brown color.
The reaction was warmed to room temperature and stirred for 0.5 h.
This was then poured into 600 mL of dilute H2SO4. The organic phase
was separated, and the aqueous fraction extracted with 2x50 mL CH2Cl2.
These extracts were pooled and the solvent removed under vacuum. The
residue was a dark oil and quite complex as seen by thin layer
chromatography. This material was distilled at 0.3 mm/Hg yielding two
fractions The first boiled at 112-125 °C and weighed 3.9 g. It was
largely starting bromo compound with a little nitrile, and was
discarded. The second fraction distilled at 130-175 °C and also
weighed 3.9 g. This fraction was rich in the product
3-ethoxy-4-ethylthio-5-methoxyphenylacetonitrile, but it also
contained several additional components as seen by thin layer
chromatographic analysis. On standing for two months, a small amount
of solid was laid down which weighed 0.5 g after cleanup with hexane.
But even it consisted of three components by TLC, none of them the
desired nitrile. The crude fraction was used for the final step
without further purification or microanalysis.
A solution of LAH in anhydrous THF under N2 (15 mL of a 1.0 M
solution) was cooled to 0 °C and vigorously stirred. There was added,
dropwise, 0.40 mL 100% H2SO4, followed by about 3 g of the crude
3-ethoxy-4-ethylthio-5-methoxyphenylacetonitrile diluted with a little
anhydrous THF. The reaction mixture was stirred until it came to room
temperature, and then held at reflux on the steam bath for 2 h. After
cooling to room temperature, there was added IPA to destroy the excess
hydride (there was quite a bit of it) and then 15% NaOH to bring the
reaction to a basic pH and convert the aluminum oxide to a loose,
white, filterable consistency. This was removed by filtration, and
washed first with THF followed by IPA. The filtrate and washes were
stripped of solvent under vacuum, the residue added to 100 mL dilute
H2SO4. This was washed with 2x75 mL CH2Cl2, made basic with 25% NaOH,
and extracted with 2x50 mL CH2Cl2. After combining, the solvent was
removed under vacuum providing a residue that was distilled. A
fraction boiling at 122-140 °C at 0.3 mm/Hg weighed 1.0 g and was a
colorless oil. This was dissolved in 10 mL of IPA, and neutralized
with 20 drops of concentrated HCl and diluted, with stirring, with 40
mL anhydrous Et2O. There was the slow formation of a fine white
crystalline salt, which was removed by filtration, washed with Et2O,
and air dried. The product
3-ethoxy-4-ethylthio-5-methoxyphenethylamine hydrochloride (4-TASB),
weighed 0.5 g, and had a mp 139-140 °C. Gas chromatographic analysis
by capillary column chromatography of the free base (in butyl acetate
solution on silica SE-54) showed a single peak at a reasonable
retention time, verifying isomeric purity of the product. Anal.
(C13H22ClNO2S) C,H.
DOSAGE: 60 - 100 mg.
DURATION: 10 - 15 h.
QUALITATIVE COMMENTS: (with 60 mg) The compound has a
petroleum-refinery type taste. There was a looseness of the bowels as
I got into it. Here we have another of these 'What is it' or 'What
isn't it' compounds. Somehow I seemed to have to push the erotic, the
visual, the whole psychedelic shmeer, to document that this was indeed
effective. I am not impressed.
(with 100 mg) There were some trivial physical problems during the
early stages of this experiment. But there was fantasy stuff to
music, and some jumpy stuff to music. Is there a neurological
hyperreflexia? I was able to sleep at the 12 hour point but I felt
quite irritable. I am agitated. I am twitchy. This has been very
intense, and I am not completely comfortable yet. Let's wait for a
while.
(with 100 mg) Music was lovely during the experiment, but pictures
were not particularly exciting. I had feelings that my nerve-endings
were raw and active. There was water retention. There was heartbeat
wrongness, and respiration wrongness. During my attempts to sleep, my
eyes-closed fantasies became extremely negative. I could actually
feel the continuous electrical impulses travelling between my nerve
endings. Disturbing. There was continuous erotic arousability, and
this seemed to be part of the same over-sensitivity of the nervous
system; orgasm didn't soothe or smooth out the feeling of
vulnerability. This is a very threatening material. DO NOT REPEAT.
EXTENSIONS AND COMMENTARY: Again, another drug with more physical
problems than psychic virtue, but with no obvious structural feature
to hang it all onto. Some day this will all make sense!
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